Human parasites are called all organisms that live at their costs. They are bacteria, fungi, worms. Human parasites are divided into internal and external. The most unpleasant and causing the largest number of body destruction is helminths - a variety of parasitic worms.
Parasites and human body
Creatures parasitating in the human body can be external or internal. The external includes:
- Mosquitoes.
- Leeches.
- Lice.
- Microorganisms that cause scabies.
But there are many more creatures that prefer to settle within the body. These include:
- Bacteria.
- Appropriate.
- Helminths.
- Fungal.
The external and internal organization of the parasite belongs to the simplest. Due to the fact that they do not need to evolve for survival, their organization is quite simplified.
There are many creatures that prefer to establish themselves within the body. For example, it may be bacteria.
They cannot survive without the host body, unable to obtain their own food. But they all reproduce, almost without exception, very quickly, especially in the appropriate conditions for it. Where they are not expelled immediately.
They differ territorially. Some can be found everywhere, without climate for them is an obstacle. Others live exclusively in tropical countries, but in the human body they can easily be brought to others. In the body, they also settle in different places.
Parasite development cycles, especially helminths, are also diverse. Some at first develop on the ground (biohelminths) and then move to a living creature. Others must first develop in the body of any other living creature, but not a person. Third, in an adult state, you can transfer to another or infect.
It is fooled to suppose that the infection can occur exclusively through dirty hands. The eggs of some helminths are viable out of the nutrient environment for six months and cling to animal wool perfectly. Eggs survive in a dangerous atmosphere for them - it is worth cooking meat or fish incorrectly, as a whole litter of worms can be paid inside you.
It is worth cooking meat incorrectly, like an entire litter of worms can be paid inside you.
Endoparasites of a person
The parasites are divided into endoparasites and ectoparasites. Endoparasites - those who settle inside, ect - out there. Endoparasites are able to establish themselves in almost all internal organs and bodily tissues. They are divided depending on the location. The endoparasites are:
- Connecting to the external environment of the endoparasites of the internal organs.
They have established themselves precisely in the organs that are connected to the external environment, not vice -vessel: the parasitic body is not chosen to "breathe". Such organs include intestine, light, human urine system. These are amoebas, worms and burning parasites.
- Parasites.
Situated in human blood. They can live in plasma, white blood cells, red blood cells. These are tripanosomes, microfilariae or hemosporidia.
- Endoparasites of fabric.
The endoparasites who choose body tissues with their place of residence. Muscle tissue, brain, cartilage, connective. Even in nerve fibers, tissue endoparasites can be established. These are fins of the strap worm, tripanosomes, myiosporids, trichine and others.
Endoparasites can choose the brain with their place of residence.
The determination of the variety of parasites at the location place is very conditional. Many species are able to migrate to various internal organs, regularly travel to the body of the owner. The propagation process can occur in one place, and organisms will be directly and will feed on another. The place where the parasite is justified and will be considered the place of its conditional location.
Despite the simplification of many parasite systems, their life cycle is quite complicated.
Some varieties throughout their lives for survival need to change several owners who can relate to different biological species. Others are able to survive only a biological species inside, but may require intermediate hosts. In one person, they multiply and, in another, develop and grow. With such a complex life cycle, their sexual functions increase significantly. It is necessary to multiply for survival in the parasites of the body quickly and a lot.
Helminths
There are three main varieties of helminths, also called worms. That:
- Nematodes, they are round worms.
- Cestodes, endoparasites of tape shape.
- Trematodes, also known as Pires.
Then they can be divided by the life cycle and the number of places that pass this way. There are also three types:
Geo-ShelMinths.
"Ge" is the earth. These worms begin their existence on terrestrial soil, only after the maturation stage can they infect a person. They do not need intermediate hosts, eggs fall to the ground along with human feces. For the larval stage, they develop exclusively at the hot season.
Such worms include ascarides, intestinal ugritsy, a non -core and the Blazo heads.
The larvae of these parasites can enter the human body through uninsy vegetables or direct contact with the soil.
BiohelMinths.
They are parasitic worms, whose stages of life go through several owners. Intermediate hosts can be two or more, depending on the variety of worms. Some parasites change exclusively a person. Others, before finally entering the human body, are used by organisms of other biological creatures for development.
You can infect through pets or in contact with other people, also when consuming half half meat. Biohelminths include bull tapers, echinococcus, wide tape, trichine and others.
Contagious helminths.
These worms do not need any intermediate soil or owners. They pass all the stages of their life cycle in an organism, very comfortably localized. The larvae stand out directly from the human body, when contacting domestic surfaces and others, spreading freely.
Helimentes can live in different organs and systems of the human body, periodically migrating from one part from the body to another.
The list of Helminth diseases is very extensive. Determine which parasites live in the body and which treatment can be started only after all the necessary analyzes to establish the type.
Round worms
The most widespread in the human environment were round worms, also known as nematodes. In total there are over 24, 000 types of nematodes in the world.
They are round because of their shape, which is detected if you make a cross cut. The most common human nematodes:
- Askarids.
- High -speakers.
- Trichina.
- Blacovyv.
The helm tentn invasion, known as ascariase, begins with direct contact with the larvae infected with the soil or when wearing non -washed fruits and vegetables. The parasites begin to develop in the gut, then enter a person's circulatory system, where they go to different internal organs, going to the oral cavity. A person, without realizing it, repeatedly swallows an adult parasite. They feed on the remains of non -digested food. Ascaris waste is extremely toxic. There is no ascariasis vaccine, the infection can be avoided exclusively by observing the rules of personal hygiene.
Worm infection is called enterobiasis. These are small worms (5-10 mm) attached to the walls of the intestine. They feed on blood and intestine content. They lay their eggs under the skin, leaving the anal opening outside while the owner is sleeping. Due to itching, an anal person, the larvae fall under the skin and hands can easily be transferred to others in the house or in public places. Enterobiosis has no painful symptoms, detecting Pinworms infection at the early stage is extremely problematic.
Trichinella, they are trichine, they are round worms that choose an animal or person with their master.
Trichinella is a parasitic worm that affects the human body, causing a dangerous disease of red tricelelosis.
They begin to develop in the body of the body's cross muscles and then redirect to the small intestine. In advanced cases of kilogram in infection of muscle tissue, about 15, 000 trichinella eggs can be located. These parasites can cause a deadly disease, named after their source - tricelelosis.
Blazist round worms are called because of their appearance. The front of the body is a filament, contains a esophagus.
The back is wider, the remaining internal organs of the parasite are located in it. The length of the blazoles can reach 50 mm. It feeds on blood as well as fabric fluid. Causes tricocefalose disease.
Tape worms
In the world, there are about 3. 500 species of famous track worms, whose type is also called Cestodes. There are no digestive systems in these flat worms, and the diseases they cause are called cestodose.
The most common Cestodsis:
Cististystyrkosis.
The disease of pork larvae is excited, entering in polluted foods, with dirty hands.
The disease affects the skin, bones, internal organs, brain and spinal brain. Most of the time, parasites are sent to the brain (in 60% of cases of infection). It is diagnosed based on the appearance of rounded skin formations. The disease is treated, in case of central nervous system infection, predictions can be unfavorable.
Equinoceosis.
Located in the liver, lungs, many other internal organs. Echinoccus larvae excites the disease. They can develop within a person for several years.
The infection occurs in contact with animals, collecting fruits and fruits, contaminated water consumption. The disease is not very noticeable, can develop for years and is revealed only by accident.
Alveococosco.
Alveococcosis is caused by alveocococcus worms. The disease is similar to echinococosis, but continues more serious. It affects the lungs and kidneys. Without the treatment of the disease, there is a high probability of fatal result in connection with the development of liver failure.
Toninchinose.
Tusiarinchose is caused by a bull chain. Parasitizes tapeworm in the small intestine area, develops for 2, 5 to 4 months. Predictions are more favorable to treatment. Parasites can enter a person with raw or insufficiently treated meat.
The ribbon worms are very fertile. They have the most reduced the rest of the sensitivity and there is no digestive system. Such parasites cannot develop without the owner.
Base workers
Supreme is tremontods. These are flat worms, in the shape of your body similar to an oblong leaf of a tree.
Some types of trematodes can reach one and a half meters.
And they meet in the human body, they are more often through fish or other seafood. About 7200 types of trematodes are known, 40 of them are established in people and cause trematodes, serious diseases caused by the infection.
The most common salaries:
The liver biomette.
Globally common, it may exist in animals and people. The biological life cycle is complex, the parasite changes owners.
Schistosoma.
Schistosome larvae can penetrate the skin or mucosa membrane. The life cycle is complex, feeds on the blood. A female is capable of producing about 3. 000 eggs a day, the fertility of these parasitic worms is very high.
Other liver Balemers.
Opisthorchiasis, helminth disease, spreading mainly in the cause of the liver area. The human body has a toxic effect.
The worm digestive system is well developed and with it-sexual and excretory. The rest of the systems develops badly. Tremontods feed on blood, epithelial cells of the skin, the contents of the intestine. They can inhabit almost anywhere: from the conjunctival liver to eyes of the eyes.
Other types of endoparasites
The remaining internal parasites are a variety of bacteria that cause dangerous diseases and with them the simplest microorganisms. The fungus that spreads within the human body also refers to the endoparasites section.
Many useful and harmful microorganisms live in the human body. Some of them cause very dangerous diseases that can lead to death. It is not always possible to immediately recognize the presence of parasitic creatures within themselves, but early diagnosis of infection offers more chances to complete healing. If invasion is suspected, it is recommended that a complete examination is submitted by a doctor.